Jun 08, 2016 in 1623, the dutch caught a british soldier spying on them. Dec 03, 2018 great britain has over 100 former colonies, located all over the world. During the spanish empire, approximately 550,000 spanish settlers migrated to latin america. This lesson will explore europes new imperialism, which swept across asia in the 19th and 20th centuries. Pdf why were the british and dutch more successful in. The british period dutch and english were both spoken by new yorkers, black and white, through most of the 18th century. Spanish explorers were authorized by their monarchy to conquer new territory for the spanish empire. Big ideas u there were similarities and differences between spanish, french, english, and dutch colonization of north america u the english colonies were largely allowed to govern their own affairs and oftentimes ignored english. The relatively small white populations were only too well aware that their societies.
Pdf recent research shows that colonialism reversed levels of development. Exploring and colonizing north america spain, france, and england 2. Rivalries between european nations were often rooted in religious or political feuds taking place in europe, yet these tensions. The european competition for north america, the british.
Most spaniards involved in early colonialism left from the region of. Economic motives economic considerations were undoubtedly the most effective in promoting colonization. Theanalysis does not consider cases such as ireland and wales which some researchers view as representing instances of internal colonialism e. Then remains british and french colonies, and there the numbers are quite similar. It will highlight the dutch east india company, the great game, the russojapanese war. It grew from the fort at pulicat geldria captured from the portuguese in 1609. Nederlandse koloniale rijk comprised the overseas territories and trading posts controlled and administered by dutch chartered companiesmainly the dutch west india company and the dutch east india companyand subsequently by the dutch republic 15811795, and by the modern kingdom of the netherlands after 1815. Fiercely competitive, the europeans soon sought to eliminate each other by forcibly taking control of the production centers, trade hubs and vital strategic locations, beginning with the. Apr 06, 2020 british empire, a worldwide system of dependenciescolonies, protectorates, and other territoriesthat over a span of some three centuries was brought under the sovereignty of the crown of great britain and the administration of the british government. The colonies, dominions, and areas under colonial rule in the 16th century to the early 18th century made up the british empire. Apush workbook unit 1 exploration, discovery, colonization. This was a big defeat to british as they had to retire from eastern archipelago and focus only on india. Chapter 2 the invasion and settlement of north america.
Displaying all worksheets related to spanish colonies. The dutch in south africa, 16521795 18021806 colonial. The british colonies settled in north america and have been referred to as an empire of commerce. The spanish colonies made most of their money through. Differences france england spain spain found a few furs and some gold when they came over. By contrast, there are no effects in former british colonies. This put the dutch in the middle of the english colonies. Learn more about the british empire in this article. Portugal sent 150,000 settlers to angola, 80,000 to mozambique, and 20,000 to goa. For each potential immigrant determine the best colonial region for that person to move to give a brief explanation that supports your decision. The colonies used the british currency system, in which 12 pence d. Spanish, french, english, and dutch colonization of north america u the english colonies were largely allowed to govern their own affairs and oftentimes ignored english mercantile laws period of salutary neglect prior to 1754 u native americans and europeans engaged in a variety of complex relationships.
Initially, the duke of york ruled the new english colony of new york with a mild hand. British settlers and the boers, who had originally been the dutch settlers and had founded. Discover the first attempts made to colonize and establish the first permanent english colonies in the north american region, from sir walter raleighs colony at roanoke and settlement at jamestown, virginia to colonies in maryland and. English leaders for a long time and for various reasons had advocated the founding of colonies in america. Understanding why and how these thirteen colonies grew to be british and then how the colonies can be grouped.
Gold, silver, and furs attracted european exploration, colonization, and competition in the new world. However, the dutch lost the colony to the british during the 1664 anglodutch war. As in the dutch and spanish colonies, french sugar plantations relied heavily on the labor of african slaves. Settlementsgeography population sources government religion economy population growth relations with native americans english colonies most colonies established by royal charter. Download pdf historical works dutch and quaker colonies in. Meanwhile, in the caribbean sea, english sailors defied spanish trade restrictions and. British, french, spanish, and dutch colonization in. Some sought economic opportunities while others left england for political or religious reasons. Complete list of nations and colonies here we go again. Spanish, french, dutch, and british colonizers had different economic and imperial goals involving land and labor that shaped the social and political development of their colonies as well as their relationships with native populations. Chapter 4 british mercantilism and the cost of empire t. Beaver wars of the mid1600s, chickasaw wars of the mid1700s, king williams war 1688 1697, queen annes war 170217, king. British colonists, on the other hand, had little interest in establishing a bond with the natives, continuing the english tradition of expansion through colonization and trade and concentrating on enhancing their wealth via plantations and the tobacco industry. Firstly portuguese and spanish, then french, english and dutch, europeans conquered vast territories in other continents.
In less than a century, from 1625 to 1700, the movements of peoples and goods from europe to north america transformed the continent. By the end of the 18th century, however, the spice trade had greatly diminished, and the islands had become an economic backwater. Dutch and german colonies saw relatively scarce european migration, since dutch and german colonial expansion focused on commercial goals rather than settlement. These cash crops are the natural resources that were sent back to england, where they were. Spanish, french, dutch and british colonies powerpoint goes with spanish, french, dutch and british colonies notes page that consists of slotted notes.
French and dutch colonial efforts involved relatively few europeans and relied on trade alliances and intermarriage with american indians to build economic and diplomatic relationships and acquire furs and other products for export to europe. Britain, which was at war with france, soon moved to occupy dutch colonies in asia, south africa and the caribbean. British mercantilism and the cost of empire hree hundred years ago, nations wanted colonies in order to increase their power. The first phase of european colonization of southeast asia took place throughout the 16th and 17th centuries after the arrival of dutch, portuguese, spanish and later french and british marine spice traders. Spanish, french, and english colonies linkedin slideshare. As the british and other european economies began to specialize in industrial production, they had an increased demand for specific raw materials from the tropical world such as metals, oils, and cotton or rubber.
Historical analysis activity written by rebecca richardson, allen high school using the 2012 college board advanced placement united states history framework, 2015 revised framework, facts on file, and 2015 revised rubric for the long essay. But it wasnt until 1842 that the states presentday northern boundary was established. Like the spanish colonies in north america, new france did not attract many french settlers. For each potential immigrant determine the best colonial region for that person to move to give a brief explanation that supports your decision 27. English colonies most colonies established by royal char. Their main focus other than those two things was converting indians to christianity this lead to popes rebellion which involved the indians. Spanish spanish empire sweden stockholm swedish switzerland bern german, french, italian, romansh swiss empire united kingdom london english, welsh, scottish gaelic two of recognized languages british empire reference also includes channel isles and the isle of man. The spanish colonies extended from the southwest u. Fiercely competitive, the europeans soon sought to eliminate each other by forcibly taking control of the production centers, trade hubs and vital strategic locations, beginning with.
One is that other european nations were colonizing at the same time, including the french, dutch, and spanish. S, down to mexico, central america, and south america. England captured the dutch colony of new netherland in the anglodutch wars of the mid17th. In 1794 the dutch east india company went bankrupt and in 1795 the british seized the colony. Colonial origins and colonial transformations in spanish. The dutch became a supreme power in indonesia and remained for long.
Colonial origins and colonial transformations in spanish america abstract archaeological data have been critical in articulating the manner by which systemwide structuring elements of europes colonial projects in america were adjusted or transformed in local settings. British empire, a worldwide system of dependencies colonies, protectorates, and other territoriesthat over a span of some three centuries was brought under the sovereignty of the crown of great britain and the administration of the british government. In the 18th century the population in the british colonies in north america quickly increased from. The long shadows of spanish and french colonial education. The dutch claimed the hudson river in the state of new york. Prior to 1763, both spanish and british colonization efforts expanded into various regions of north america. From colonies to 50 states, continued now let me finish the stories i mentioned before. For british colonialism, we do not examine the mandate colonies of iraq, israel palestine, and jordan.
New france and new netherland remained small commercial operations focused on the fur trade and did not attract an influx of migrants. Jul 21, 2012 spanish, french, and english colonies 1. African languages were also spoken, and they were probably not understood by most whites. Spain colonized the netherlands, the south of italy and several other parts of continental europe. According to the economic thinkers of those days, colonies would help the mother country become selfsufficient and wealthy. Spanish colonies crownsponsored conquests gained riches for spain and expanded its empire. The thirteen colonies, also known as the thirteen british colonies or the thirteen american colonies, were a group of colonies of great britain on the atlantic coast of america founded in the 17th and 18th centuries which declared independence in 1776 and formed the united states of america. Enraged dutch arrested, tortured and killed dozens of british companys servants. What were the major differences in the colonization of the. Which explorer worked for the both the dutch and the english.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. British north america virginia and new england english colonies in british north america what would become the united states. French and dutch exploration in the new world article. Raymond hickey, english linguistics, university of duisburg and essen. There were 5 countries that were the main competitors in the global colonization game. The answer to your question is one of timing, power and the types of colonies. The most important french colony was saintdomingue, modernday haiti. Spain and portugal started exploring the world during the 15th and 16th centuries, and they set up big empires abroad, this sparked the interest to explore by other european. The foundation of the spanish, french, dutch and english colonies in north america initial contact spanish the french and dutch colonies the english colonies. Thus, both spain and britain reversed the fortunes of precolonial regions. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about colonial america.
With little, if any, involvement from the crown, the colonists strived to settle and establish their own way of life, independent of restrictions from their homeland but in accordance with what they believed to be their rights. The defeat of the spanish armada and experience gained from the failure of raleigh paved the way for success. Colonies would serve as captive and cheap sources of these commodities. After a dutch raid in 1673, english officials imposed english law and customs. In 1795 the town of kaapstad had 14,021 inhabitants, of whom 4,357 were europeans.
What were the differences between british and spanish. Most of the southern and southwestern regions claimed, as well as sections of the california coast. The dutch surrender in 1795 is known as the capitulation of rustenburg. Plantation colonies could also be found in the southern english colonies, like south carolina. Jul 23, 2016 read book the forts of colonial north america british dutch and swedish colonies fortress full free.
In this colonial america lesson, students compare and contrast the english, french, and spanish colonies to one another as they conduct research to complete the provided graphic organizer. Compare and contrast spanish and british colonization efforts in north america prior to 1763. The modernday canadian province of newfoundland was once a british colony. Locate and compare early spanish, french, and british settlements, such as st. How were spanish, french, and dutch colonial strategies.
If we look at the british empire during the eighteenth century, we. Dutch developed plantations in the caribbean as well. Spanish used missions and religion as tools for colonizing native populations and acquiring resources. The spanish colonies settled in central and south america. Compare and contrast spanish and british colonization. In 1795 the slaves in the whole colony amounted to 16,839 and the whites totalled nearly 16,000. Other colonies included martinique, which is still a french territory today. The dutch created a small, commercially based colony compared to much larger territorial units. If otherwise, just leave them to their own devices and pray they dont rebel for paying some of the lowest tax rates in the world. Discuss the economies of the french and dutch colonies in north america seventeenthcentury french and dutch colonies in north america were modest in comparison to spains colossal global empire.
Essay, 2 pages spanish and english colonization efforts were very different with the english methods being more successful and profitable. French, dutch, british, and spanish colonies allied with and armed american indian groups, who frequently sought alliances with europeans against other indian groups. Coromandel was the major dutch colony on the mainland. The colonies of new spain, new france and the english colonies in new england, the middle colonies and the southern colonies developed their economics, religious emphasis, government and life styles as a result of the people who migrated to these lands and the geographic region that they settled. The british colonization of the americas describes the history of the establishment of control. Colonial institutions are thought to be an important determinate of pos tindependence levels of political stability, economic growth, and public goods provision. Several understandings are needed beyond the standards to establish the context in which the british colonies developed. Standard 42 notes the colonies of new spain, new france and. British french dutch spanish danish 500 000 430 000 90000 144 000 20000 428 000 379 000 75000 50000 18000 everywhere, except in the spanish islands, slaves formed the bulk of the population, and everywhere their lives were governed by stringent legal codes.
Comparing english, french, and spanish english french spanish most colonies established by royal charter. British and spanish colonization of america differed in terms of their approach and backing, as well as in their religious and social standing. Historical analysis comparison france, spain, england. The colonists of these different colonies hoped to find different things in the new world. Spanish efforts to extract wealth from the land led them to develop institutions. Maine, as i said, was originally a part of massachusetts. Here crops such as tobacco, rice, indigo, and some sugar were grown as cash crops. Dutch india was also composed of colonies and trading posts administered initially by the east indies company voc and then directly by the dutch government after the vocs collapse. You are going to experience an archaeological dig to determine who the original european settlers in north america were and what they were like. Spanish would retain national characteristics that linger to this day. The spanish and the portuguese possessions were significantly. French colonies in the caribbean were established on a much different basis than new france like the dutch and spanish, the french established plantationbased colonies there for sugar and food. Other former colonies other former dutch colonies include brazil, guyana, french guiana, indonesia, sri lanka, taiwan, and suriname. English colonies lesson plans and worksheets from thousands of.
English gentlemen or soldiers of fortune, everyone wanted to grow tobacco for profit but no one wanted to do the work the most common source of labor in the early va colony was indentured servitude indentured servant someone whose passage to the colonies. Start studying british, french, spanish, and dutch colonization in america. The thirteen english colonies were founded between 1607 and 1733. The policy of granting or recognizing significant degrees of selfgovernment by dependencies, which was favoured by. French, dutch, and english explorers began to make inroads into the americans in the late 1500s and early 1600s. The spanish and french utilized indians as social agents of colonization, while the dutch were interested only in trade with indians. By 1763 the english had established dominance in north america, having defeated france and spain. In the mountains and valleys further inland, however, society was characterized by small subsistence farmers, hunters and traders of scotsirish and english descent. European colonization of asia, africa, and the americas. Under the terms of the treaty of amiens signed by britain and france in 1802, the cape colony and the islands of the dutch west indies that the british had seized were returned to the republic.
Eventually, the dutch emerged victorious, and they earned large profits from their enterprise in the moluccas. Simply said the spanish and portuguese were about 100 years ahead of the rest, also known as the age of discovery. Earliest settlements were in virginia and massachusetts but soon spread all. Thus, we do not include the philippines, the canary islands, equatorial guinea, and spanish morocco. Free pdf downlaod the forts of colonial north america. The great colonial empires and conflicts between the powers european colonial empires were born in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.